早泄诊断与治疗该如何进行? | How is Premature Ejaculation Diagnosed and Treated?

一、早泄的诊断流程 | Diagnosis Process

1. 初步评估与病史采集 | Initial Evaluation

医生会通过问诊了解以下信息:

  • 射精时间:插入后平均射精时间及控制能力。
    Ejaculation timing: Average time to climax after penetration and sense of control.
  • 症状持续时间早泄是原发性(终身存在)还是继发性(后天出现)。
    Duration: Whether PE is lifelong (primary) or acquired (secondary).
  • 心理与社会因素:焦虑、抑郁或伴侣关系问题。
    Psychosocial factors: Anxiety, depression, or relationship conflicts.

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2. 标准化评估工具 | Standardized Tools

  • 国际早泄诊断工具(PEDT):包含5个问题,得分≥11分提示早泄。
    Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT): A 5-question survey; scores ≥11 indicate PE.
  • 射精潜伏期(IELT)记录:伴侣协助用秒表测量插入到射精的时间。
    Intravaginal Ejaculatory Latency Time (IELT): Partner-assisted stopwatch measurement.

3. 排除其他疾病 | Ruling Out Underlying Conditions

医生可能建议:

  • 血液检测:检查激素水平(如睾酮、甲状腺激素)。
    Blood tests: Assess testosterone, thyroid function.
  • 泌尿系统检查:排除前列腺炎或尿道感染。
    Urological exam: Check for prostatitis or UTIs.

二、早泄的治疗方案 | Treatment Options

1. 行为疗法 | Behavioral Techniques

  • “停-动”法(Stop-Start):性刺激接近高潮时暂停,待冲动消退后继续,逐步延长射精时间。
    Stop-Start method: Pause stimulation near climax to build control.
  • 挤压法(Squeeze Technique):伴侣在阴茎根部轻压,降低敏感度。
    Squeeze technique: Gentle pressure at the penis base reduces arousal.
  • 凯格尔运动:每日锻炼骨盆底肌肉,增强控制力。
    Kegel exercises: Strengthen pelvic floor muscles for better control.

2. 药物治疗 | Medical Treatments

  • 局部麻醉剂:含利多卡因的喷剂或乳膏(如EMLA®),降低阴茎敏感度(使用前咨询医生)。
    Topical numbing agents: Lidocaine-based sprays/creams (e.g., EMLA®) reduce sensitivity.
  • 口服药物
    • 达泊西汀(Dapoxetine):唯一获批用于早泄的SSRI类药物,性行为前1-3小时服用。
      Dapoxetine: FDA-approved SSRI taken 1-3 hours before intercourse.
    • 长效SSRIs:如舍曲林(Sertraline)或帕罗西汀(Paroxetine),需每日服用(需医生处方)。
      Daily SSRIs: Prescribed off-label for long-term PE management.

3. 心理咨询与性治疗 | Psychological Support

  • 认知行为疗法(CBT):帮助患者识别并纠正对性表现的焦虑或消极思维。
    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Targets anxiety-driven thought patterns.
  • 伴侣共同辅导:新加坡性治疗师常建议伴侣参与,改善沟通与性互动模式。
    Couples therapy: Joint sessions enhance intimacy and reduce performance pressure.

三、新加坡医疗资源与就诊指南 | Healthcare Resources in Singapore

1. 公立医院 | Public Hospitals

  • 新加坡中央医院(SGH)泌尿科:提供全面诊断与治疗方案。
    SGH Urology Department: Comprehensive PE management services.
  • 国立大学医院(NUH)男性健康中心:专注性功能障碍的多学科诊疗。
    NUH Men’s Health Centre: Multidisciplinary care for sexual health.

2. 私立机构 | Private Clinics

  • 莱佛士医院(Raffles Hospital):隐私优先的个性化治疗计划。
    Raffles Hospital: Discreet and personalised care.
  • DTAP Clinic:性健康专科诊所,提供药物与行为疗法指导。
    DTAP Clinic: Specialises in sexual wellness and behavioural coaching.

3. 何时需紧急就医? | When to Seek Immediate Help?

若早泄伴随以下症状,需立即就诊:

  • 勃起功能障碍或疼痛性射精。
    Erectile dysfunction or painful ejaculation.
  • 血精或尿路感染迹象(如排尿灼痛)。
    Blood in semen or UTI symptoms (burning urination).

四、治疗成功的三大关键 | Keys to Effective Treatment

  1. 早期干预:症状持续超过3个月应尽早就医,避免心理问题恶化。
    Early action: Seek help within 3 months to prevent psychological complications.
  2. 医患合作:如实反馈治疗反应,便于调整方案。
    Open communication: Share progress with your doctor for optimal adjustments.
  3. 伴侣支持:共同参与治疗计划,提升长期效果。
    Partner involvement: Mutual effort strengthens outcomes.

总结 | Final Takeaway
早泄可通过科学诊断与阶梯式治疗有效改善。新加坡男性应摒弃羞耻感,善用本地医疗资源,结合行为调整、药物与心理支持,逐步重获性自信与亲密关系满足感。
PE is treatable with a stepwise approach. Singaporean men are encouraged to leverage local healthcare resources and adopt a holistic strategy for lasting improvement.

免责声明:本文不替代专业医疗建议,具体方案请咨询医生。
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. Consult a licensed healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.